American Civilization

The formation of the U.S.A

in 1776, the British American war cama to an end. however, the 13 colonies were officially declared independent in 1783.
In 1783: the paris treaty: in this treaty, britain declared the new nation independent plus it recognized its boarders as: Canada in the north, Florida in the south, The Atlantic ocean in the east and The Mississippi river in the west. a fortile land and natural resources were beyond the river, however Americans were not allowed to go there, therefor their nation was a small one.
Florida and South Oregan were spanish, Texas was mexican, North Oregan was British.
The politicam system: America was a confederate. it was devided into
1- the national gvt: their main interest was the navy and army forces.
2- the 13 states gvt: each state had a gvt and a gvr, also had its own constitutions army and treasuries.
this system reflected the weakness of the U.S bcz the state gvts were more powerful than the national gvt. America had debts however the states refused to pay which negatively affected its international position.
1787: the Feladelfia compromise: the American politicians met in feladelfia to discuss political issues and they came out withe these outcomes:
* the delegates of the states decided to write one national and unified constitution.
* they decided to adopt the federal system of gvt.--> they still have 2 gvts.
the national gvt:  this system impowerd it. it became responsible for:
treasury, army, navy, international relations, trade btwn the states and the foreign countries, deciding laws and declaring war.
the states gvts: only responsible for education, health care and safety.
in 1789 the new consitution was adopted. in 1791 the bill of rights:
freedom of speech, of religion, of press, the right to carry arms, for a fair and legal trial, protection form violent punishement.
the american westward expanssion: 1803 the louisiana purchase, they bought it from france for 15 million dollars. the gvt needed to encourage the emigration to the west by lowering prices for lands and agricultural equipements, plus it used the press to spread the idea of the manifest destiny which is a belief that america's destiny was to expand.
in 1819 prsd madison bought florida and the south of oregans for 5 million dollar
1845 america colonized texas and mexico declared war.
1846 am took all of oregans
1848 am won the war and took the mexican territories.
1850 california gold rush, the california compromise

The reconstruction period:

the south of america was destroyed because of the C.W, this project was meant to rebuild and reunify the country (re-admit the seceded states)
it took 12 years
the president did not want to punish the states he was afraid they would turne against him. however he was assassinated before he could realize the project.
his vice president johnson followed his steps to realize the project
The project though could not make the blacks' situation any better.